• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ceramic exterior cladding element (10) comprising the following steps: a) forming a ceramic body (11); b) etching at least one recess in a face of the ceramic body, each at least one recess forming the imprint of a decor; c) forming at least one enamel layer (10) in said at least one enamel deposition and baking recess so that the enamel layer overflows from said at least one recess; d) polishing said enamel layer so as to leave only in the hollow of said at least one recess so that the surface of the ceramic body adjacent said at least one recess and said enamel layer have apparent surfaces whose surface state is similar, connected to each other without a solution of continuity. The invention relates to the field of encrusted ceramic pieces.
    公开号:CH713609A2
    申请号:CH00373/17
    申请日:2017-03-22
    公开日:2018-09-28
    发明作者:Kissling Gregory；Netuschill Alexandre；Mc Gill Claire
    申请人:Omega Sa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The invention relates to a ceramic element inlaid with at least one enamel decoration and more specifically to such an element intended to form an outer cladding element for a timepiece.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] It is known to form at least partially synthetic sapphire watch glasses to show, by transparency, a deposit made in a recess under the bezel forming for example a graduation or a trade name. This configuration has the advantage of protecting the deposit from any mechanical degradation by total recovery of the sapphire part. However, this configuration can make it difficult to read the decoration by the altered transmission of the coloration of the deposit but also by the lack of difference in the hue of the sapphire with respect to that of the deposit. It is also known to make ceramic watch glasses inlaid with a ceramic or amorphous metal decoration. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0003] The object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a ceramic outer cladding element for a timepiece whose decoration has a new and original aesthetic appearance. in combination with the cladding element and whose decoration has mechanical strength and wear resistance properties compatible with use as an external cladding element.
    The invention also aims to provide a ceramic exterior trim element inlaid with enamel decor that meets the laws in force for the protection of human health and the environment against the risks related to the most severe chemicals, including European (Reach) and US (California Proposition 65) requirements.
    For this purpose, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a ceramic outer cladding element for a timepiece comprising the following steps: a) forming a ceramic body; b) etching at least one recess in a face of the ceramic body, each at least one recess forming the imprint of a decor; c) forming at least one enamel check mark in said at least one enamel deposition and baking recess so that said enamel layer overflows said at least one recess; d) polishing said enamel layer so as to leave only in the hollow of said at least one recess so that the surface of the ceramic body adjacent said at least one recess and said enamel layer have apparent surfaces whose surface state is similar, connected to each other without a solution of continuity.
    This combination of ceramic and inlaid enamel decor gives the room an original appearance and allows in particular to obtain a highly contrasted visual rendering with a body in a first dark-colored ceramic and enamel decorations of one ( or more) light color (s).
    According to other advantageous features of the invention: - step a) is performed by sintering - step b) is performed by laser ablation - a step e) of modifying by means of a beam laser the surface state of the bottom of said at least one recess in order to increase its contact surface is achieved before the execution of step c) - step c) comprises a succession of enamel deposits and cooking . in step c) the enamel is in the form of one or a mixture of powder (s) and preferably in the form of one or a mixture of powder (s) associated with a liquid. - enamel contains less than 90 ppm of cadmium and less than 90 ppm of lead. - The ceramic body is a cermet, it comprises among others a carbide, an oxide or a nitride of titanium, silicon, aluminum, boron, zirconium or else comprises magnesia or aluminum titanate. - Each at least one recess has a depth of between 80 microns and 700 microns to improve the gripping force. - Each at least one recess has a width of between 200 microns and 500 microns. step e) forms cavities in said bottom of said at least one recess. - The cavities form grooves running on said bottom of said at least one recess with a pitch of the order of 0.01 mm and are preferably secant with depths which are preferably less than one-fifth of the depth of said at least one recess.
    The invention also relates to an inset watchmaker outer cladding element comprising a ceramic body having at least one recess forming the imprint of a decoration characterized in that said at least one recess is completely filled by a or more enamel layer (s).
    In addition, the invention relates to a watch exterior trim element, obtained by the method of the invention.
    Advantageously, it is therefore understood that the outer ceramic watch cladding element may in particular form all or part of a housing, a bracelet, a bracelet clasp, a bezel, a pusher, a crown of a watch.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0011] Other features and advantages will become clear from the description which is given below, by way of indication and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a representation of a timepiece according to the invention; figs. 2 to 6 are successive steps of the manufacturing method according to the invention; fig. 7 is a partial view of an element obtained according to the invention; fig. 8 is a block diagram of the method according to the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [0012] In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, there can be seen a generally annotated timepiece 1 comprising at least one outer trim element 10 inlaid. Each element 10 inlaid is intended to form a wear-resistant part comprising at least one enamel decoration 13 whose visual quality is improved in particular in terms of contrast and whose wear resistance is homogeneous and very high.
    The element 10 inlaid according to the invention may in particular form all or part of the cladding of the timepiece 1. Thus, it could form all or part of a housing 2, a bracelet 3 , a bracelet clasp, a bezel 4, a pusher 7 and / or a crown 8. In the example illustrated below, the explanation of the invention will be given from a ring 10 having inlaid decorations 13 forming the graduations of a telescope 4.
    As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 7, the inlaid ceramic element 10 comprises an opaque body 11 having at least one recess 12 forming the imprint of a decoration 13. In FIG. 1, it can be seen that each decoration 13 may, advantageously according to the invention, be of any shape, such as, for example, a geometric figure or an alphanumeric character. According to the invention, each recess 12 is completely filled with at least one layer of enamel 16.
    Advantageously according to the invention, the layer 16 is formed of one or more layer (s) of enamel obtained from an enamel powder or a mixture of enamel powders deposited (s) in the recess 12 and fired (s) successively.
    According to the invention, the body 11 can be obtained from a wide variety of materials. Preferably, the body 11 is ceramic. It can thus be formed by a cermet which is a material formed by a mixture of ceramic and metal. More generally, it is possible to use, for example, a carbide, an oxide or a nitride of titanium, of silicon, of aluminum, of boron, or of zirconium or else magnesia or aluminum titanate to form all or part of the body 11.
    To improve the attachment of the decor 13 in the body 11, the recess 12 has a depth of between 80 microns and 700 microns and, preferably, substantially equal to 400 microns. It is therefore understood that the recess 12 does not open on the opposite face P of the body 11.
    In addition, for reasons of adhesion of the layer or layers of enamel 16, preferably, each bottom of said at least one recess 12 has a modified surface state to increase its contact surface. As explained below, the surface increase can in particular be obtained by forming cavities in said bottom of said at least one recess or locally increasing its roughness.
    Optionally, a bonding layer 15 (FIG 7) may also be provided at the bottom of the recess 12.
    Thus, according to the invention, the visual rendering of each decoration 13 is obtained by the shade of the one or more enamel layers forming the enamel layer 16. Therefore, the choice of the powder or powders used for the enamel layer 16 will preferably be guided by its hue or more generally its aesthetic rendering. For example, it is thus possible to obtain a very contrasted visual rendering with the body 11 of dark color and decorations 13 of one or more color (s) clear (s) while enamel.
    In fact, the optional bonding layer 15 can also be used for its color. Indeed, its color can be selected or modified to change the appearance of the enamel layer 16. In fact, the thickness of the enamel layer 16 deposited may, depending on the application, make it substantially translucent. Therefore, an optional bonding layer 15 can be used so that its hue is perceptible through the enamel layer 16. Thus, for example, a color pigment or a selected material could be selected for the optional bonding layer 15 for modifying the substantially translucent appearance of the enamel layer 16.
    It is understood that the decorations 13 may be formed with the same material to provide a homogeneous appearance or with several colors to, for example, give a different hue between two sets 13 as a first shade for the indexes and another shade for alphanumeric characters in the case of fig. 1.
    The manufacturing method 21 of an inlaid element 10 will now be explained from FIGS. 2 to 8 with the example of a ceramic body 11.
    In a first step 22 illustrated in FIG. 8, the method 21 consists of forming the body 11, for example, of zirconia. As partially shown in the passage of FIG. 2 in fig. 3, the final body 11 of step 22 is preferably obtained by sintering, that is to say from a green body 17 preformed for example by means of an injection process and / or pressing.
    At the end of step 22, the body 11 visible in FIG. 3 has its final dimensions. Of course, step 22 can be obtained otherwise than by sintering. Thus, for example, one can use another technique such as machining and / or lapping and / or polishing.
    As illustrated in FIG. 8, the method 21 comprises a second step 23 intended to etch at least one blind recess 12 in a face F of the ceramic body 11, the recesses 12 forming the imprint of the future decorations 13 as can be seen in FIG. 4. Preferably, each recess 12 has a depth of between 80 μm and 700 μm and a width of between 200 μm and 500 μm.
    Step 23 is preferably obtained by destructive radiation by means of a laser to obtain a good accuracy of the engravings.
    The process continues with a sandblasting step of the face F and the bottom of the recesses formed during the previous step, preferably using corundum particles. This step makes it possible to clean the body 11 and in particular the recesses 12 of any residues and dusts resulting from step 23. Optionally this step is followed by a washing step in a laundry bath with the application of ultrasound, a rinse step with clear water and a drying step.
    In the example of FIG. 3, the face F is substantially rectilinear and extends annularly. It is easily understood that the face F may be of different geometry without the process being made more difficult to implement. Thus, by way of example, it is perfectly possible for the face F to be partially or totally convex and to extend in translation or in rotation to form, for example, a face F, partially or totally, spherical, toroidal or cylindrical.
    As illustrated in FIG. 8, the method 21 continues in a third optional step 24 for modifying the surface state of the bottom of said at least one recess 12 in order to increase its contact area. Preferably, step 24 forms cavities in the bottom of said at least one recess or is limited to locally increasing its roughness.
    The cavities or roughness may have depths that are preferably not greater than one fifth of the depth of the recesses 12 to ensure an increase in contact area. Step 24 is preferably obtained by destructive radiation by means of a laser, sandblasting or chemical etching.
    For example, an experiment was carried out from recesses 12 of 400 microns in depth. The cavities were made by destructive radiation forming a first series of substantially straight and parallel grooves which intersects with a second series of substantially rectilinear and parallel grooves. The depth of the cavities has been modulated between 10 and 50 μm, giving satisfaction each time with regard to the adhesion of the decoration 13 with respect to the body 11. Consequently, the cavities can form grooves running on said bottom of said at least one recess. and all or part of the grooves may be intersecting.
    Of course, one could also imagine a hole formed roughly in a mold followed by a laser recovery to obtain the same precision engravings. The purpose is to improve the adhesion by increasing the surface without penalizing the wettability of the materials that must fill each recess.
    The method 21 continues with step 25 which consists in filling said at least one recess 12 with an enamel deposit so that the enamel layer overflows said at least one recess 12 which will form after a later stage the decor 13.
    For this purpose the enamel is preferably deposited in the form of an enamel powder or a mixture of enamel powders according to a composition determined in at least one of the recesses 12. Preferably, the powder of enamel or the powder mixture is associated with a liquid such as water or oil to facilitate its introduction into the recesses 12 which are in this case small as mentioned above.
    Once the deposition of the enamel in at least one of the recesses 12 carried out, the body 11 is passed to the oven at a firing temperature between 700 ° C and 1300 ° C depending on the nature of the enamel composition . These successive enamel deposition and baking steps are repeated until the enamel thickness is completely filled and so that the enamel layer overflows from the at least one recess.
    The enamel composition chosen for the covering element 10 according to the invention comprises less than 90 ppm of cadmium and less than 90 ppm of lead. Enamels typically comprise a mixture of glass powders for 90% to 95% by weight and 5% to 10% by weight of inorganic pigments. By way of example, a white coupler enamel composition comprises, by weight, 75% of SiO 2, 13% of B2O 3, 2% of Al 2 O 3, 4% of Na 2 O, 0.5% of K 2 O and 5.5% of pigments comprising TiO2 and / or ZnO.
    Depending on the color of the desired enamel, the pigment TiO2 and / or ZnO will be replaced by other pigments such as, for example, CO3 (PO4) 2 for violet, Fe2O3 for iron or any other non-allergenic colored pigment. .
    Of course a combination of pigments can be considered.
    The enamel layer 16 may be opaque to light depending on the pigments used in the composition of the enamel. The hue visible by the observer will be that of the enamel. On the contrary, the enamel layer 16 can be translucent and make it possible to see the bottom of the underlying recess 12, for example this may be aesthetically interesting with a light-colored opaque ceramic, for example a white ceramic and a white layer. translucent enamel of color. If desired, the bottom of the underlying recess 12 may comprise a metallization or have undergone a local treatment modifying its aesthetic appearance typically a plasma treatment to form carbides or nitrides, prior to the formation steps of the layers of E-mail.
    As explained above, depending on the hue or more generally the desired visual rendering, the enamel layer 16 formed during step 26 preferably comprises one or more shades contrasting with that of the body 11.
    Finally, in a last step 26, the process 21 ends by smoothing the layer 16 in order to eliminate by polishing said enamel layer 16 so as to leave only in said at least one recess so that the surface F of the ceramic body adjacent to said at least one recess and said enamel layer 16 have apparent surfaces whose surface state is similar, connected to each other without a solution of continuity. This finishing step consists in polishing the ceramic of the body 11 and the enamel of the layer 16 with a grinding wheel or a fine-grained abrasive paper (typically 9 to 15 microns) to arrive at the desired dimensions and surface state. Optionally, a last oven pass may be performed to obtain a glaze of the enamelled surface.
    The element 10 encrusted is thus completed and has, eventually, more than be mounted on a final part. This step 27 can be achieved by a conventional surfacing method such as grinding or lapping to remove excess material followed by polishing.
    During one of the tests, it was developed a black zirconia bezel whose decorations 13 form white enamel indices which gave complete satisfaction by its homogeneous appearance, its very high homogeneous hardness and its very good contrast.
    Of course, the present invention is not limited to the example shown but is susceptible to various variations and modifications that will occur to those skilled in the art. In particular, the application of the element 10 inlaid according to the invention can not be limited to a timepiece 1. Thus, the element 10 inlaid could, for example, be applied to a jewelry item or jewelery or the arts of the table.
    In addition, it is conceivable to substitute the laser etching of step 23 and / or the laser etching, sanding or chemical etching of step 24 by another type of engraving if its accuracy and scrap rate is acceptable.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1]
    A method of manufacturing a ceramic exterior cladding member comprising the steps of: a) forming a ceramic body; b) etching at least one recess in a face of the ceramic body, each at least one recess forming the imprint of a decor; c) forming at least one layer of enamel in said at least one recess by enamel deposition and baking so that the enamel layer overflows said at least one recess; d) polishing said enamel layer so as to leave only in the hollow of said at least one recess so that the surface of the ceramic body adjacent said at least one recess and said enamel layer have apparent surfaces whose surface state is similar, connected to each other without a solution of continuity.
    [2]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that step a) is carried out by sintering.
    [3]
    3. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that step b) is performed by laser ablation.
    [4]
    4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a step e) of modifying by means of a laser beam the surface state of the bottom of said at least one recess in order to increase its contact surface. is performed before the execution of step c).
    [5]
    5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that step c) comprises a succession of deposits and enamel cooking.
    [6]
    6. Method according to claim 5 characterized in that in step c) the enamel is in the form of one or a mixture of powder (s) and preferably in the form of one or a mixture of powder (s) associated with a liquid.
    [7]
    7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the enamel comprises less than 90 ppm of cadmium and lead.
    [8]
    8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ceramic body comprises a carbide, an oxide or a nitride of titanium, silicon, aluminum, boron, zirconium or else comprises magnesia or aluminum titanate.
    [9]
    9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ceramic body is a cermet.
    [10]
    10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each at least one recess has a depth of between 80 microns and 700 microns in order to improve the gripping force.
    [11]
    11. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each at least one recess has a width between 200 microns and 500 microns.
    [12]
    12. Method according to any one of the preceding claims when it depends on claim 4, characterized in that step e) forms cavities in said bottom of said at least one recess.
    [13]
    13. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the cavities form grooves running on said bottom of said at least one recess with a pitch of the order of 0.01 mm.
    [14]
    14. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said grooves running on said bottom of said at least one recess are intersecting.
    [15]
    15. Method according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the cavities have depths that are less than one fifth of the depth of said at least one recess.
    [16]
    16. Method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that step d) is performed mechanically using an abrasive material.
    [17]
    17. An inset ceramic outer cladding cladding element comprising a ceramic body comprising at least one recess forming the imprint of a decoration, characterized in that said at least one recess is completely filled with one or more enamel layers.
    [18]
    18. Timepiece characterized in that it comprises at least one ceramic outer covering element inlaid with at least one decoration according to claim 17 or obtained by a method according to one of claims 1 to 16.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH713609B1|2020-06-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CH717064A1|2020-01-23|2021-07-30|Patek Philippe Sa Geneve|A method of decorating a timepiece or jewelry item.|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00373/17A|CH713609B1|2017-03-22|2017-03-22|Method for manufacturing an exterior clockwork element made of ceramic or cermet encrusted with at least one enamel decoration.|CH00373/17A| CH713609B1|2017-03-22|2017-03-22|Method for manufacturing an exterior clockwork element made of ceramic or cermet encrusted with at least one enamel decoration.|
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